Shocking Truth: Are Dishwasher Air Gaps Required In California?
What To Know
- The air gap acts as a barrier, preventing the creation of a siphon that could draw water from the sink into the dishwasher.
- A high-loop drain, which creates a loop in the drain hose above the flood level rim of the sink, can serve as an alternative to an air gap.
- In some cases, an air vent can be installed to prevent the formation of a vacuum in the drain hose.
California’s plumbing code mandates the installation of air gaps in dishwashers to prevent backflow and contamination of the water supply. This code ensures the safety and hygiene of drinking water in residential and commercial buildings throughout the state.
What is a Dishwasher Air Gap?
A dishwasher air gap is a small device installed between the dishwasher’s drain hose and the sink’s drainpipe. It creates a physical break between the two, preventing water from flowing back into the dishwasher from the sink.
Why are Air Gaps Required in California?
Backflow occurs when water flows in the wrong direction, potentially contaminating the water supply. A dishwasher air gap prevents backflow by:
- Creating a Vacuum: When the dishwasher drains, air is drawn into the drain hose, creating a vacuum that prevents water from flowing back.
- Preventing Siphoning: The air gap acts as a barrier, preventing the creation of a siphon that could draw water from the sink into the dishwasher.
Types of Dishwasher Air Gaps
There are two main types of dishwasher air gaps:
- Standard Air Gaps: These are the most common type and are installed on the countertop above the sink.
- Concealed Air Gaps: These are hidden under the sink and are less visible but more expensive.
Installation Requirements
According to the California Plumbing Code (CPC), the air gap must meet the following requirements:
- Height: The air gap must be at least 2 inches above the flood level rim of the sink.
- Diameter: The air gap must have a minimum diameter of 1 1/2 inches.
- Material: The air gap must be made of corrosion-resistant material, such as brass or plastic.
Exceptions to the Air Gap Requirement
In certain cases, an air gap may not be required. These exceptions include:
- Dishwasher with Built-in Air Gap: Some dishwashers have an internal air gap that meets the CPC requirements.
- Sink with Overflow Drain: If the sink has an overflow drain, an air gap may not be necessary.
- High-Loop Drain: A high-loop drain, which creates a loop in the drain hose above the flood level rim of the sink, can serve as an alternative to an air gap.
Consequences of Not Installing an Air Gap
Failing to install a dishwasher air gap as required by the CPC can result in:
- Water Contamination: Backflow can introduce contaminants from the sink into the dishwasher, potentially contaminating clean dishes.
- Fines and Penalties: Local authorities may issue fines or other penalties for non-compliance with the plumbing code.
- Liability: In the event of a waterborne illness outbreak, the property owner may be held liable if an air gap was not installed.
Alternative Solutions
If an air gap is not feasible due to space constraints or other factors, alternative solutions may be considered:
- High-Loop Drain: As mentioned earlier, a high-loop drain can provide an alternative to an air gap.
- Backflow Prevention Valve: A backflow prevention valve can be installed on the dishwasher’s drain hose to prevent backflow.
- Air Vent: In some cases, an air vent can be installed to prevent the formation of a vacuum in the drain hose.
The Bottom Line: Complying with California’s Dishwasher Air Gap Requirements
Complying with California’s dishwasher air gap requirements is essential for ensuring the safety and hygiene of the water supply. By adhering to the plumbing code, homeowners and property owners can prevent backflow and protect their health. Alternative solutions may be considered in limited circumstances, but it is important to consult with a licensed plumber to determine the best course of action.
Top Questions Asked
Q: Can I install an air gap myself?
A: While it is possible to install an air gap yourself, it is recommended to hire a licensed plumber to ensure proper installation and compliance with the plumbing code.
Q: How often should I check my air gap?
A: It is recommended to inspect your air gap regularly for any signs of damage or blockage. If you notice any issues, contact a plumber for repair or replacement.
Q: What are the signs of a faulty air gap?
A: Signs of a faulty air gap include water leaking from the air gap, slow drainage, or a gurgling sound coming from the dishwasher.
